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1.
Rev. am. med. respir ; 21(4): 392-399, dic. 2021. graf
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS, BINACIS | ID: biblio-1431465

RESUMO

Resumen Ante la escasez de donantes pulmonares, el aumento de los pacientes en lista de espera y el aumento de las muertes en lista de espera existen varias estrategias que buscan resolver estos problemas. Las estrategias de promoción son necesarias, continuas y transver sales a todo el proceso. Las de procuración implican mejora continua en la calidad de atención médica, siendo muy costo-efectivas en nuestro contexto. Las de distribución ya se emplean y han generado mejoras en el acceso al trasplante; deben ser constantemente evaluadas. Las de selección involucran mejoras a expensas de mayores costos a veces con consecuencias negativas, por lo que deben ser evaluadas caso a caso. El uso de EVLP es efectivo, aunque pareciera no ser una intervención costo-efectiva en nuestro medio debiendo emplearse otras estrategias previamente. La utilización de donantes a corazón parado es efectiva aunque requiere de una inversión en el sistema logístico que no parece ser viable por el momento en Argentina.


Abstract Given the shortage of lung donors and the increase in patients and deaths on the waiting lists, there are several strategies that could be carried out. Promotion strategies are necessary, continuous and transversal to the entire process. Strategies that attempt to enhance organ procurement involve continuous improvement in the quality of healthcare, which is highly profitable in our context. Interventions on grafts distribution are already in use and have generated improvements in access to lung transplantation. Laxity in the selection criteria generates higher costs, sometimes with negative consequences, so a case-by-case selection must be applied. Ex vivo lung perfusion is effective, although it does not appear to be a cost-effective intervention in our country, other strategies must be implemented previously. The use of non-heart-beating lung donors requires an investment in a logistics system that nowadays does not seem viable in Argentina.


Assuntos
Transplante de Pulmão , Argentina , Obtenção de Tecidos e Órgãos , Transplante de Órgãos , Seleção do Doador
2.
Rev. argent. cir ; 113(3): 300-313, set. 2021. graf
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1356937

RESUMO

RESUMEN Objetivo: describir las percepciones de los cirujanos en formación durante la fase inicial de la pandemia por COVID-19. Material y métodos: se realizó el análisis transversal de una encuesta de 51 preguntas a médicos en formación de un Servicio de Cirugía General en un hospital de la Argentina. Se abarcaron 5 ámbitos: institucional, asistencial, académico, doméstico y emocional. Resultados: en total 55 médicos completaron la encuesta (91,7%): 35 residentes y 20 becarios de perfeccionamiento; 56,4% eran hombres. El 98,1% consideró suficiente la información brindada por el hospital y el servicio sobre las medidas tomadas con respecto al COVID-19. Si bien el 98,1% consideró satisfactorios los instructivos sobre los equipos de protección personal, el 38% informó inconvenientes en su utilización. El 92,5% de los residentes estuvo de acuerdo con el esquema de guardias implementado. El 94,5% incrementó el tiempo dedicado a actividades académicas. El 75% consideró útil el cronograma de clases virtuales implementado. El 72,7% de los encuestados consideró que contaba con espacios donde manifestar sus preocupaciones. El 60% consideró adecuada la supervisión. El 81,81% manifestó preocupación por perder habilidad manual. El 53% dijo sentirse frustrado y el 54% manifestó temor de contagiar a su familia/pareja. Conclusión: conocer las percepciones de los cirujanos en formación en la fase inicial de la pandemia por COVID-19 permitió detectar oportunidades de mejora e incorporar nuevas estrategias educativas para afrontar las fases siguientes, asegurando el aprendizaje y priorizando su bienestar físico y psicosocial.


ABSTRACT Objective: The aim of this study is to describe the perceptions of surgeons in training during the initial phase of the COVID-19 pandemic. Material and methods: A 51-question survey was conducted among physicians in training from a department of surgery in an Argentine hospital. Five domains were explored: institutional, healthcare, academic, domestic and emotional. Results: The survey was completed by 55 physicians (91.7%): 35 residents and 20 fellows. Among the respondents, 98.1% considered the information provided by the hospital and the department about the measures implemented in the COVID-19 stetting was sufficient. 98.1% considered that the instructions about personal protective equipment were satisfactory, but 38% reported difficulties to use them. 92.5% of the residents agreed with the system implemented for on-call shifts, 94.5% increased the time dedicated to academic activities, 75% considered the virtual class schedule implemented as very useful and 72.72% perceived that they had spaces to express their concerns. The supervision was considered adequate by 60%; 81.81% were worried to lose manual dexterity; 53% felt frustrated and 54% were afraid of infecting their family/partner. Conclusion: Understanding the perceptions of surgeons in training in the initial phase of the COVID-19 pandemic made it possible to detect opportunities for improvement and incorporate modifications to address the following phases, ensuring learning and prioritizing their physical and psychosocial well-being.

3.
Medicina (B.Aires) ; 81(6): 1048-1051, ago. 2021. graf
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1365100

RESUMO

Resumen Los síntomas más frecuentes de los pacientes con infección por SARS-CoV-2 suelen ser fiebre, tos, odinofagia, cefalea, mialgias y diarrea. Un porcentaje mucho menor padece mareos, rinorrea y hemoptisis como síntomas asociados. Sin embargo, la gran magnitud que adquirió esta segunda ola, puede hacer que esta última complicación se presente con más frecuencia. Se describe el caso de un paciente de 49 años con antecedente de infección reciente por COVID-19 con requerimiento de ARM por insuficiencia respiratoria que intercurrió, durante la internación en sala general, con derrame pleural de tipo paraneumónico y episodios de hemoptisis persistente que se resolvió de forma quirúrgica. Durante la cirugía se encontró un importante proceso fibro adherencial y un pulmón congestivo con aumento focal de la consistencia y áreas de necrosis.


Abstract The most common symptoms in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection are fever, cough, odynophagia, headache, myalgia, and diarrhea. A much smaller percentage have dizziness, rhinorrhea, and hemoptysis as associated symptoms. However, the great magnitude that this second wave acquired, can make this last com plication appear more frequently. This report describes the case of a 49-year-old patient with a history of recent COVID-19 infection with requirement of mechanical ventilation due to respiratory failure, who developed during hospitalization in the general ward with parapneumonic pleural effusion and episodes of persistent hemoptysis that required surgical treatment. During surgery, a significant fibro-adhesion process and a congestive lung with focal increased consistency and areas of necrosis were found.

5.
Rev. am. med. respir ; 20(2): 118-124, jun. 2020. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1431428

RESUMO

Introducción: El tratamiento expectante de pacientes con neumotórax espontáneo primario (NEP) pequeños y asintomáticos permanece siendo motivo de discusión, en parte debido a la mayor tasa de recurrencia aparente con respecto a los tratados con drenajes pleurales. Objetivo: Presentar la experiencia en el manejo de NEP grado I, comparando los resultados a corto y largo plazo de aquellos tratados con drenajes pleurales de aquellos tratados de manera expectante. Materiales y métodos: Se realizó un estudio retrospectivo sobre una base de datos prospectiva en pacientes con diagnóstico de neumotórax espontáneo grado I clínicamente estables. Resultados: Sobre un total de 69 pacientes, 30 pacientes fueron tratados con drenaje pleural y 39 pacientes realizaron un tratamiento expectante con manejo ambulatorio. No se evidenciaron diferencias poblaciones en cuanto a edad, sex, lado, antecedente de tabaquis­mo, y tamaño de neumotórax. Con respecto a los resultados a corto plazo, no existieron diferencias de resultados de tratamiento con respecto a la falla terapéutica en ambos grupos, existiendo si diferencias significativas con respecto al tiempo de internación en favor del manejo expectante. Con respecto a los resultados a largo plazo, no hubo diferencias significativas con respecto a la recurrencia entre ambos grupos. Conclusión: El manejo expectante de pacientes con neumotórax espontáneo primario pequeños y clínicamente estables con estricto control ambulatorio y pautas de alarmas de los mismos, presenta buenos resultados a corto y largo plazo, debiendo ser considerado como primera opción terapéutica.

6.
Rev. am. med. respir ; 20(2): 125-131, jun. 2020. ilus, tab
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1431429

RESUMO

Introduction: Expectant treatment in clinically stable patients with small primary spontaneous pneumothorax (PSP) remains in discussion, partly due to the described increased recurrence rate compared to patients treated with pleural drainage. Objective: To present the experience in the management of grade I PSP, comparing long- and short-term results of patients treated with pleural drainage with those treated expectantly. Methods: We present a retrospective study of patients diagnosed with small asymptomatic or mildly symptomatic PSP. Results: 34 out of 69 patients were treated with pleural drainage and 35 underwent expectant treatment with outpatient management. Both groups were comparable regarding sex, side, size of pneumothorax and history of tobacco smoking. As for the short-term results, there weren't any differences between groups in success therapy, but there were significant differences related to hospital stay, where patients treated with pleural drainage presented longer length of stay. Regarding long-term results, there weren't significant differences in terms of recurrence between both groups. Conclusion: The expectant management of clinically stable patients with small primary spontaneous pneumothorax with strict ambulatory control follow-up and those who comply with treatment recommendations and can obtain prompt emergency medical care presents acceptable long- and short-term results and should be the first choice of treatment.

7.
Rev. argent. cir ; 112(2): 109-118, 2020. ilus, graf, tab
Artigo em Inglês, Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-1125792

RESUMO

La aparición de esta nueva enfermedad por coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) ha generado un gran impacto dentro de los equipos de salud, obligando a realizar cambios profundos en la actividad diaria. Estas modificaciones están orientadas a promover un ambiente de trabajo seguro para el personal médico y no médico. Sin embargo, algunos de esos cambios pueden tener consecuencias sobre el proceso de aprendizaje de los médicos en formación. El desafío que enfrenta un Servicio de Cirugía de un Hospital Universitario es mantener la continuidad de los programas formativos asegurando a la vez la seguridad de los médicos residentes. En este comunicado se describen los cambios realizados en el Programa de la Residencia de Cirugía General en un Hospital Universitario, orientados a brindar la misma calidad educativa, en un entorno seguro durante el transcurso de esta pandemia.


The appearance of this new coronavirus 2019 disease (COVID-19) has generated a great impact within health teams, forcing profound changes in the daily activity. These modifications are aimed at promoting a safe work environment for medical and non-medical personnel. However, some of these changes may have consequences on the learning process of doctors in training. The challenge faced by a Surgery Service of a University Hospital is to maintain the continuity of the training programs while ensuring the safety of Residents. This report describes the changes made to the General Surgery Residency Program at a university hospital, aimed at providing the same educational quality, in a safe environment during the course of this pandemic.


Assuntos
Cirurgia Geral/organização & administração , Infecções por Coronavirus/prevenção & controle , Internato e Residência/organização & administração , Cirurgia Geral/normas , Telemedicina , Capacitação Profissional , Hospitais Universitários
8.
Acta gastroenterol. latinoam ; 44(2): 114-20, 2014 Jun.
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS, BINACIS | ID: biblio-1157442

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: The role of liver resection (LR) in patients with non-tumoral hepatic disease (NTHD) remains controversial. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the indications and outcomes of liver resections in patients with NTHD. METHODS: A retrospective analysis in a multicentric data base was performed. Outcome measures were incidence of postoperative cholangitis, infectious and non-infectious complications, hospital stay and overall mortality. RESULTS: One hundred and fourteen patients underwent LR due to NTHD from January 2001 to November 2011. Fourteen patients presented complex bile duct injuries (CBDI), 18 intra-hepatic lithiasis (IL), 32 liver hydatid cysts (LHC), 10 polycystic liver disease (PLD), 19 Caroli’s disease (CD) and 21 other NTHD. Forty seven patients underwent a major hepatectomy and 67 a liver segmentectomy or an atypical liver resection. Thirty four patients (29


) presented surgical related complications. There was not intra or post-operative mortality. In long term outcomes, 98 patients (85


) were asymptomatic, 10 presented episodes of intermittent cholangitis that were treated with antibiotics, and 7 underwent another surgical procedure. CONCLUSIONS: LR is a radical and effective procedure to treat benign NTHD instead of other surgical or percutaneous procedures, avoiding multiple sessions of treatment and high post procedure complications rates.


Assuntos
Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Adulto Jovem , Hepatopatias/cirurgia , Argentina , Estudos Retrospectivos , Seguimentos , Resultado do Tratamento , Hepatectomia
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